Homomorphic Encryption Applications for IoT and Light-Weighted Environments: A Review

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is one of the more sophisticated methods of homomorphic cryptography (HC). HC efficiently contacts the interacting parties in open IoT and light-weighted network environments. This approach is capable of analyzing encrypted data without decryption. The operations use private and public keys. Then, during the assessment or evaluation, users may access the original data. Before conducting tests or evaluations, the customer must first encrypt the data and then decrypt it. Since consumers use several main cycles for the whole operation, which creates noise and computation overheads, the growth rate of computation overheads has increased. The growing ratio of noise to computation rate can interrupt the whole system, resulting in machine instability, protection, and privacy concerns. To resolve the security and privacy issues, the proposed schemes used different hardness assumptions, such as over-integer, learning with error, ideal lattices, bootstrapping, etc. In this article, we presents a comprehensive review of HE and its many varieties. The numerous possible applications of HE are covered at a high level in order to highlight the extent to which HE is used in the IoT and other lighted-weighted intelligent industry environments in a variety of various domains.