Establishment of Multibeam Bathymetric Surveying Models and Optimization of Survey Line Paths in Deep Sea Environments

This paper establishes models for multibeam bathymetric surveying, focusing on the development of coverage width models and the optimization of survey line paths. The coverage width model addresses the overlap between adjacent swathes and the coverage width under the range of the acoustic beam. It defines the coverage width as the projection of the seafloor slope on the seabed plane and the coverage rate as the ratio of the overlapping coverage width of adjacent swathes to the former coverage width. Subsequently, a model is established and solved based on the defined relationships. Additionally, a dynamic coordinate system coverage width model for multibeam bathymetric surveying is developed. This involves establishing a spatial Cartesian coordinate system with the central point of the sea area as the origin, determining the angle between the seafloor slope and the x-axis as a replacement quantity for integrating seafloor slope and survey line direction angle, and deriving an expression for water depth to establish the coverage width model. Furthermore, the paper addresses the shortest survey line path problem. The analysis is conducted to determine the shortest path in the projection of the seafloor slope on the sea surface for different slope angles, resulting in the determination that the survey line direction is always parallel to the north-south direction within the rectangular sea area. By combining coverage width and coverage rate models, the shortest path length within this sea area is found to be 125936m.