Unveiling low energy magnetic ground state in orthorhombically distorted TmCrO3 through magneto-terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

Unravelling the complex magnetic ground state in rare earth orthochromites (RECrO3) requires understanding the intricate magnetic interactions in rare earth and transition metal sublattices. In this work, using magneto-terahertz (THz) spectroscopy, we unravel the evolution of electronic and magnetic excitations in distorted orthochromite TmCrO3. In the THz spectrum of TmCrO3, we observed a multitude of excitations corresponding to ground-state electronic transitions in Tm³⁺ and magnetic excitation concomitant with Tm-Cr magnetic interactions. To find the effect of doping at the RE site, we substituted Tb³⁺ in the Tm³⁺ matrix, which modulates these transitions. This study paves the way for understanding the intricate mechanism underlying these excitations associated with non-trivial interactions at different magnetic transitions.