Optimizing Grid Integration of Heat Pumps for Balancing Hosting Capacity and Customer Satisfaction

This paper presents a thorough exploration of integrating air source heat pumps (ASHPs) into electrical distribution networks (EDNs) while balancing enhanced hosting capacity (HC) and customer satisfaction. In response to the escalating demand for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly heating solutions, our research emphasizes the significance of effective demand response programs (DRPs) to manage the complexities of ASHP load profiles. We assess technical challenges and customer satisfaction through a unique model, introducing new customer satisfaction indices to evaluate DRP impacts on end-users. Utilizing the IEEE 33-bus test distribution system, the model strategically allocates ASHPs and adjusts load profiles to optimize network HC, ensuring customer comfort. The study illustrates that the DRP application resulted in a 51 % increase in the power assigned to ASHPs, demonstrating a direct correlation between network HC, customer satisfaction, and external factors like outdoor temperature. This paper offers invaluable insights into the dynamic interplay of ASHPs integration, DRPs, and customer satisfaction in pursuing more resilient and sustainable EDNs.