Enhancing Interest Message Forwarding In NDN-based VANETs using Black Hole Optimization

In Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and smart cities, Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are vital but face challenges due to their dynamic topology, making traditional IP-based content retrieval impractical. Named Data Networking (NDN) offers an alternative by using content names for retrieval, though locating content-holding nodes efficiently in NDN-based VANETs remains difficult. This paper introduces an optimized method using Black Hole optimization to enhance interest message forwarding in NDN-based VANETs, aiming to improve packet delivery ratios and reduce latency. Simulation studies comparing proposed method with classic NDN and Particle Swarm Optimization NDN (PSO-NDN) show that proposed approach significantly outperforms these methods, achieving higher packet delivery ratios and lower latency. This research advances efficient communication strategies in NDN-based VANETs, crucial for robust ITS in smart cities, demonstrating the potential of Black Hole optimization to enhance VANET performance and support smart city infrastructure.