Evaluation of Single and Multi Stage Impulse Generator Circuit Parameter Using Hybrid Depso Algorithm

This study proposes a novel approach for determining the prominent parameters of single-stage (wavefront resistor $R_1$ and wavetail resistor $R_{2}$) and multistage (wavefront resistor $R_1{ }^{\prime}$ and wavetail resistor $R_2{ }^{\prime}$) impulse generator circuit parameters using a hybrid Differential Evolution and Particle Swarm Optimization (Hybrid DEPSO) algorithm. The aim is to generate standard lightning impulse $\text { (LI) }(1.2 / 50 \mu \mathrm{s})$ waveforms according to IEEE Std 4–2013 and IEC60060–1 standards. The evaluated circuit parameters are tabulated, and LI waveform is developed based on these parameters. A comparison with standard waveforms is made, and error metrics such as rise time, tail time for LI are calculated and reported. The circuit parameters obtained by the DEPSO algorithm are theoretically validated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. This hybrid DEPSO approach presents a promising alternative for accurately generating LI waveforms in high-voltage laboratories.