Analysis of Uplink and Downlink Interference between NGSO and GSO Satellites at Ku Band Frequency: Case Study on Starlink and Telkom-3S

We continue to explore the total interference that Non-Geostationary Satellite Orbit (NGSO) constellations cause to Geostationary Satellite Orbit (GSO) systems in both uplink and downlink directions. Our case study involves the utilization of Telkom-3S and Starlink satellites. Utilizing the SGP4, we propagate their orbit according to their TLEs, an orbital element in (near-) real-time, to simulate the interference scenarios in both uplink and downlink directions. In the latitude range of 0-15°N, higher GSO terminal latitudes resulted in fewer interference incidents. We also observed that the Equivalent Power Flux Density (EPFD) would exceed the interference limits recommended by ITU article 22 without a separation angle. To prevent EPFD from exceeding ITU limits the separation angle must be greater than 5°.