Design and Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna with Defected Ground Structures for Biotelemetry Applications

Limitations in Microstrip Patch Antennas (MPA) have led to an increasing amount of research in the development of these antennas, especially for biotelemetry applications. This paper focusses on enhancing the performance of a rectangular MPA for biotelemetry devices through the incorporation of defected ground structures (DGS) of different shapes. The proposed antenna resonates at the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band of 2.45GHz frequency. Three different shapes of DGS; U-slot, circular-slot and L-slot are analyzed wherein the number of these slots are increased from one to four along the four corners of the ground plane. With a patch dimension of 32.04mmx40.56mmx0.05mm the antenna is compact and it is designed, optimized, and simulated in CST microwave studio. The performance of all the designed antennas are compared and it is found that the antenna with two L-slot DGS gives optimized result with a return loss of -48.78dB, a bandwidth of 0.031GHz, and a stable gain of 6.40dBi which is 52.80% higher compared to the conventional MPA without DGS.