Seat Occupancy Detection in Electric Vehicles: Unveiling Passenger Presence through Overlap Area Analysis

The high number of bus passengers often leads to situations where some passengers are unable to secure a seat, resulting in the inconvenience of standing for the whole ride or wasting time waiting at the bus stop. To address this issue, this paper aims to develop a system capable of detecting bus seat occupancy, differentiating between occupied and unoccupied seats by passengers to inform potential passengers if seats are available before they take the next bus and help the government monitor its citizen and improve its public transportation services. The system uses a YOLO algorithm to perform object detection, enabling it to detect passengers, and an overlap percentage formula between passenger and seat bounding box to determine if the detected passenger is occupying the seat. The system provides real-time video output with texts indicating the total number of current passengers, total boarded passengers, also occupied and unoccupied seats. The system achieves accuracy of 95% for the front seat section and 92% for the back seat section.