Power Reduction of Montgomery Multiplication Architectures Using Clock Gating

This work presents an analysis of the power con-sumption of different radix implementations of Montgomery multiplication (MM). Different MM architectures are discussed and a new modified architecture for the radix-2 processing element (PE), where conversion from carry save representation to conventional representation is accomplished without using a Carry Propagate Adder (CPA) is presented in this paper. The proposed radix-2 architecture also eliminates race conditions by avoiding incorrect data selection of the multiplier bit by a processing element, by using a register. Also, the overall architectural power consumption is reduced by applying the clock gating technique to the proposed radix-2 architecture and also the high radix architecture used in this paper. Power, Performance, and Area (PPA) analysis is performed using TSMC 28hpc+ 28 nm to understand the trade-off requirements between the implementations. The results indicate that radix-2 architecture occupies lower area compared to high radix i.e. radix-16 and radix-2¹⁶implementations but the high radix architectures take less number of clock cycles than the radix-2 architecture.