Research on Electromagnetic Wave Energy Optimization for FAST Active Reflector Based on Householder Optical Transformation Algorithm

The five hundred meters aperture spherical radio telescope (FAST) is a radio telescope with independent intellectual property rights in China. Electromagnetic waves are an important energy for radio telescopes. By optimizing the electromagnetic wave energy that can be received by the feed cabin, we can greatly increase the scientific value and economic benefits of FAST. In this paper, the corresponding ideal parabolic equations are determined when the feed cabin is located in the vertical illumination position and the random illumination position. This article determines the ratio of the received reflected energy in the effective area of the feed cabin to the reflected energy from the reflecting surface within 300 meters aperture while calculating the received ratio to the reference reflecting sphere, further making a comparison. As the contribution, the modeling of the study scenario is implemented using Householder's optical transformation method simulation. This paper determines the parabolic equations based on the profile of FAST. In addition, this paper models the ideal paraboloid. With constraints, the coordinate positions where each reflecting surface is located are calculated. For the calculation of the acquisition rate, we adopt the idea of utilizing the microelement method to find the receiving ratio of the feed cabin. Subsequently, the reception ratio is compared with that of the reference surface. After simulation through MATLAB coding, the reception ratio of the feed cabin can reach 32.57% and that of the reference spherical surface can reach 5.67%, which is an improvement of 5.75 times. Our method has the best performance when compared with the literature which has the same constraints and modeling assumptions.