Knowledge Distillation for Road Detection Based on Cross-Model Semi-Supervised Learning

The advancement of knowledge distillation has played a crucial role in enabling the transfer of knowledge from larger teacher models to smaller and more efficient student models, and is particularly beneficial for online and resource-constrained applications. The effectiveness of the student model heavily relies on the quality of the distilled knowledge received from the teacher. Given the accessibility of unlabelled remote sensing data, semi-supervised learning has become a prevalent strategy for enhancing model performance. However, relying solely on semi-supervised learning with smaller models may be insufficient due to their limited capacity for feature extraction. This limitation restricts their ability to exploit training data. To address this issue, we propose an integrated approach that combines knowledge distillation and semi-supervised learning methods. This hybrid approach leverages the robust capabilities of large models to effectively utilise large unlabelled data whilst subsequently providing the small student model with rich and informative features for enhancement. The proposed semi-supervised learning-based knowledge distillation (SSLKD) approach demonstrates a notable improvement in the performance of the student model, in the application of road segmentation surpassing the effectiveness of traditional semi-supervised learning methods.