Effect of Force Feedback during Interaction with Straight-line Movement in a VR Space by an Upper-limb Wearable Force Feedback Device

The authors developed an upper-limb-mounted force feedback device using pneumatic artificial muscles and a magnetorheological fluid brake. This force feedback device utilizes a magnetorheological fluid brake and incorporates a mechanism with bevel teeth in the shoulder, providing a wide range of motion. In previous studies, it was confirmed that the device can simulate friction with virtual objects in a virtual reality (VR) space. In this study, the authors conducted force feedback experiments using the developed device in VR content, including linear walking, to examine the influence on motion sickness and immersion. The conditions included the presence or absence of the force feedback device and different methods of movement, such as walking, visual movement, and controller-based movement. Participants were surveyed to evaluate their experiences under these conditions. The results indicated that, concerning motion sickness, the method of movement had a more significant influence than the presence or absence of force feedback. Additionally, for immersion, force feedback, particularly including walking movements, had the greatest potential to enhance the sense of immersion.