Energy Management of Base Station in 5G and B5G: Revisited

The popularity of 5G enabled services are gaining momentum across the globe. It is not only about the high data rate offered by the 5G but also its capability to accommodate myriad of connected devices. To ensure the Quality of Services (QoS), 5G could be deployed either in non-standalone or in standalone mode, having their own merits. Due to infrastructural limitations, non-standalone mode deployment of 5G is preferred as compared to standalone mode. To achieve low latency, higher throughput, larger capacity, higher reliability, and wider connectivity, 5G base stations (gNodeB) need to be deployed in mmWave. Since mmWave base stations (gNodeB) are typically capable of radiating up to 200-400 meters in urban locality. Therefore, high density of these stations is required for actual 5G deployment, that leads to huge power consumption. It is reported that Radio Access Network (RAN) consumes almost 70% of the input power supply. Therefore, energy management methodologies at RAN are required. Many methodologies like symbol shut down, carrier shutdown, deep sleep etc., have been reported in the literature. In this work, a parametric study of these methodologies has been carried out. Based on this study the effective mechanism for energy management has been suggested.