Fault-Tolerant Control for Electromagnetic Suspension System of Maglev Train: Comprehensive Research and Design

Maglev technology, as an advanced transit technology, have garnered global attention due to their remarkable high-speed performance, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, and comfortable ride experience. They have been actively promoted and put into practical operation in numerous countries and regions worldwide. Given the complexity of magnetic levitation train systems and their sensitivity to external disturbances, enhancing their reliability and robust stability is of paramount importance. This paper takes the conventional electromagnetic suspension (EMS) maglev train developed by the National University of Defense Technology as a reference model, and systematically investigates the fault-tolerant control techniques for magnetic levitation trains based on accurate sensor fault detection and localization. The study encompasses the implementation of active fault tolerance through dynamic switching control strategies and sensor failures, as well as simultaneous passive fault-tolerant control schemes that exploit the inherent redundancy characteristics of the joining-structure within the magnetic levitation train system. Furthermore, the effectiveness and practicability of these fault-tolerant control methods were validated using a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) digital controller. The experimental results demonstrated that the summarized fault-tolerant control system meets the predefined performance criteria, thereby substantiating the validity and practicality of the relevant fault-tolerance control technologies.