A Review on SPR Based PCF Refractometric Sensor

Many research institutions expressed interest in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) due to their potential features. Samples of liquids or gases can be placed into PCF's air holes. This makes it possible for constrained light and sensing samples to interact in a well-controlled manner, opening up new possibilities for sensing applications. Depending on the parameter being monitored, physical and biological detectors are the two categories into which PCF applications in sensing domains fall. Physical sensors measure factors such as refractive index (RI), displacement, pressure, temperature, and electric field. In contrast, chemical and biological substances can be detected using biochemical sensors. An essential part of biological sensors is the evaluation of the chemical RI. Chemical sensors are sometimes called biochemical sensors because of their near resemblance to biosensors. Overall, this article delves into the capabilities of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based PCF sensors to identify biological and chemical components. It also explores numerous strategies aimed at augmenting their sensing efficacy.