Enhancing Consumer Electronics in Healthcare 4.0: Integrating Passive FBG Sensor and IoMT Technology for Remote HRV Monitoring

The IoMT technology offers an efficient solution for remote monitoring and analysis using various sensors. However, the use of electronic devices and systems is not always preferred in every healthcare facility. Further, the remote monitoring of cardiac parameters and the measurement of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) are crucial aspects in every major/minor healthcare procedure. In a similar context, passive sensors such as Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors have revolutionized the bio-medical systems in various cutting-edge medical applications. Within this manuscript, the methodology for crafting a dedicated FBG sensor tailored for acquiring real-time cardiac signals with a sensitivity of 1.2pm/ $\mu $ . The sensor is designed and fabricated by embedding the FBG element inside the layers of PolydimethylSiloxane (PDMS) polymer. Various important cardiac measurement parameters such as Standard Deviation of Normal-to-Normal (SDNN) interval, Heart Rate (HR), pNN50, Root Mean Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD) between normal heartbeats, and Body Temperature are evaluated using a Signal Processing Model (SPM). The article discusses an integrated and distributed cardiac monitoring system consisting of major blocks such as a Real-time Sensing Scheme (RSS), SPM, and Decision Support System (DSS) for smart healthcare support. This integrated system can accommodate multiple users at different houses in a colony where a single system can provide remote cardiac monitoring service to more than 16 consumers or patients under treatment.