Maturity Analysis of Protection Solutions for Power Systems Near Inverter-Based Resources

This review paper studies the literature on protection technologies for power systems near inverter-based resources (IBRs) toward identifying the maturity levels of emerging solutions. Equipment and protection issues that have been investigated in the context of the integration of IBRs are firstly identified, and then, promising emerging protection solutions are assessed regarding attributes like depth of related research, testing experiences using real-world data, availability/feasibility in real protective/control devices and generalization capability. From the obtained results, candidate solutions that may help solving some protection issues that have taken place in systems near IBRs are identified, and challenges that are still to be overcome are highlighted, indicating potential future research and development trends.