Optimum Energy Management Strategies for the Hybrid Sources-Powered Electric Vehicle Settings

The increasing attention towards electric vehicles (EV) is due to their capacity to alleviate environmental consequences and decrease reliance on fossil fuels. This paper explores the underlying justification for the exponential growth in the prevalence of EVs and conducts an exhaustive analysis of diverse EV models. In order to establish a fundamental comprehension, the discourse proceeds to encompass power sources and power transfer topologies that are pertinent to EVs propelled by hybrid sources. The discussion revolves around optimal Energy Management Strategies (EMS), which are vital to optimize the energy efficiency and performance of EVs. Four categories of EMS methodologies are thoroughly examined in this paper: learning-, offline optimization-, rule-, and online optimization-based EMS. By analyzing the state-of-the-art research discoveries, this analysis scrutinizes each approach to offer valuable perspectives on their individual merits, obstacles, and practical feasibility. By conducting this investigation, readers acquire a comprehensive comprehension of the relationship between EMS methods and their influence on the EV performance.