A Comparative Study of Ad-Hoc Networks for Hybrid Protocol Development

In order to send and receive data, routers use a set of rules called routing protocols. The way routers communicate with one another is defined by network routing protocols. For wireless ad-hoc networks, three routing protocols were modelled: Destination-Sequence Distance Vector (DSDV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), and Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV). Every protocol has advantages and disadvantages of its own, and performance may vary depending on the network configuration and application requirements. Utilizing simulation models and metrics like end-to-end packet delivery ratio delay, throughput, and network overhead, these protocols are frequently investigated in NS2. The performance of each protocol in various conditions can be compared using these metrics, which can also be used to assess prospective improvements. A examination of existing techniques gave rise to the concept of creating a hybrid protocol based on performance and package delivery effectiveness. To improve network performance in NS2, a hybrid protocol integrates two or more distinct routing methods. Such protocols would typically describe the problem being addressed, the justification for using a hybrid method, and the key features of the suggested procedure. Some of the protocol's key characteristics include support for multicast routing, the ability to dynamically adapt to changing network conditions, and the use of multiple metrics for route selection. This is followed by a summary of the experimental results highlighting the improved performance of the hybrid protocol over a subset of other protocols.