Metaheuristics-based Uplink Power Control Scheme for User-Centric Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems

In the rapidly evolving landscape of Beyond 5G (B5G) networks, Cell-Free Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (CFmMIMO) systems have emerged as a pivotal solution to address the escalating demands for seamless connectivity and low-latency communication. However, the effective management of radio resources, particularly in the uplink direction, presents formidable challenges in optimizing system performance while ensuring equitable treatment for all users. Existing uplink power control methods often grapple with the intrinsic complexity of the optimization problems they encounter. To mitigate these challenges, this paper introduces a novel approach termed the metaheuristics-based uplink power control scheme tailored explicitly for user-centric CFmMIMO systems. Leveraging advanced metaheuristic optimization techniques, our scheme navigates the intricacies of uplink power control by prioritizing three primary objectives: maximizing the minimum user Spectral Efficiency (SE), maximizing the sum SE, and striking a balance between these two objectives. Through rigorous exploration of potential solutions, our proposed scheme transcends the limitations of conventional methods, offering near-optimal solutions for uplink power control. Numerical simulations corroborate the efficacy of our approach, showcasing enhanced fairness among users and substantial gains in SE compared to traditional methods. This research represents a significant advancement in the practical implementation of user-centric CFmMIMO systems within B5G networks, presenting promising solutions to address the evolving requirements of future wireless communication.