ImmunoPlane: Middleware for Providing Adaptivity to Distributed Internet-of-Things Applications

Distributed Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications operate in a dynamic environment, and therefore need to adapt in response to unexpected failures and changes in the operating conditions. Making IoT applications adaptive is challenging due to two reasons. First, an IoT application comprises multiple service components, each with a different performance and dependability requirement. Second, an application can be deployed in vastly different runtime infrastructures, each varying in the availability of resources, and sources of faults. Hence, an adaptivity solution must be both application-aware and infrastructure-agnostic.In this paper, we present a middleware system called Immuno-Plane that transparently provides adaptivity to IoT applications. ImmunoPlane provides a domain-specific language for users to declaratively state application-specific requirements, and it produces an adaptive deployment plan based on the given infrastructure and the user-provided application requirements. We show that ImmunoPlane can satisfy application requirements such as availability, throughput, and latency, under both failures and network congestion, in three different infrastructures.