Quantitative Analysis of Photonic Crystal Fiber Gas Sensors: Sensitivity Metrics for Benzene and Sulfur Trioxide

A form of optical fiber known as PCF uses the photonic crystal feature to its advantage. The quantitative effect of guiding characteristics on material properties along wavelength is examined using the finite element method (FEM). By employing the finite element method, Gas sensors made of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) can detect a variety of dangerous chemicals across a broad spectrum of wavelengths. The relative sensitivity, confinement loss, effective area and effective material loss are some of the sensing metrics obtained for two different gases by means of this gas sensor. The hazardous gases that are analyzed for the sensor investigation encompass Benzene $\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\right)$ and Sulfur Trioxide $\left(\mathrm{SO}_{3}\right)$. The sensitivity of the proposed PCF for these two gases C
6
H
6
and SO
3
at the frequency of 1.2THz are $94.065 \%$ and $91.433 \%$ approximately. The effective material loss is about 0.014884 and $0.026544 \mathrm{~cm}^{-1}$ and at the same frequency confinement loss are $9.95 \times 10^{-22}$ and $1.01 \times 10^{-17} \mathrm{~dB} / \mathrm{cm}$. Due to its high sensitivity and uncomplicated construction, the suggested sensor has the potential to be used in significant ways for detecting the accused object as well as biochemical and biological analytes.