Toward Hybrid Wi-Fi HaLow Radar CSI Coverage Estimation in Collapsed Structures

Wi-Fi sensing has recently gained popularity as it leverages channel state information (CSI) for various applications. Many researchers have studied different sensing applications, from activity recognition to Wi-Fi password cracking. However, there are limited studies on the potential use of Wi-Fi signals in collapsed structures, which could boost rescue operations. Wi-Fi signals at higher frequencies have poor interaction with rubble. However, Wi-Fi HaLow at 902MHz has shown promising results. To achieve reliable sensing, it is crucial to have improved coverage that can effectively measure CSI. Thus, in this study, we propose a state-of-the-art Hybrid Wi-Fi HaLow radar mechanism using Frequency Modulated Continous Wave (FMCW), Pulse-Dopplar (PDR), and Ultrawide Band (UWB) radars. We aim to achieve three objectives: earthquake debris assessment, FMCW, PDR, UWB radar techniques adaption at 902 MHz, and Hybrid Wi-Fi HaLow radar fusion. Our primary goal is achieved through meticulous site inspections of earthquake-related areas. Subsequently, we convert conventional FMCW, PDR, and UWB signals to Wi-Fi HaLow for optimal debris identification based on the characteristics of the structural engineering involved. Furthermore, we fuse individual signal components to form a comprehensive hybrid Wi-Fi HaLow radar. Based on simulation outcomes, the proposed methodology surpasses previous research and yields promising results.