Sustainable Energy Provision in Wireless Sensor Networks: An Overview Leveraging Mobile Sink Strategies

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can effectively address the hot-spot or sink-hole problem caused by multi-hop routing with the static sink by data collecting using mobile sinks (MS). The optimal path's design, however, is a well-known NP-hard problem. Data transmission from source nodes to base station that is both successful and efficient while reducing energy consumption and data loss is what determines the architecture's overall performance. In WSNs, data collection is done via mobile sinks or static sinks (SS). However, the effectiveness of MS based data collection techniques is higher than that of static sink-based approaches. Nevertheless, MS-based data collection methods have several drawbacks and limitations. Designing a trajectory is therefore an NP-hard task. In this work, we have developed a survey that utilizes path optimization techniques. We also have an overview of different approaches for using SS and MS-based techniques to collect data from a sensor network, as well as different kinds of data collection using MS and some of the difficulties it encounters. Lastly, we have suggested a level-based categorization of the various trajectory techniques that were employed to gather the data. We divided schemes into two categories at the first level: static and dynamic.