Implications of Energy Storage Device in Efficient Frequency Control of Multi-Area Power System

The challenges related to load frequency control in interconnected multi-area power systems of area 1 comprises thermal power plants and wind turbine generators, while area 2 is composed of solar power and geothermal power plants are the main emphasis of this work. Energy storage devices, (ESDs), are considered in both the areas. To optimize the parameters of the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for a power system with two interconnected areas, the firefly algorithm (FA) is deployed. The optimization process is carried by the main objective function, which is established by multiplying the integral time by the absolute error (ITAE). Furthermore, the impact of the reheat turbine on the PID controller's performance is examined analytically. This study compares the system dynamics to highlight the ESD's superior performance. The simulation findings prove the efficacy of the Firefly Algorithm-based PID controller and show its superiority over other approaches. The PID controller and ESD coordinate to regulate frequency thus enhancing stability. The frequency control in an interconnected renewable energy-based micro grid equipped with ESDs will gain advantages from the obtained output results.