Photovoltaic Power Generation and Energy Storage Capacity Cooperative Planning Method for Rail Transit Self-Consistent Energy Systems Considering the Impact of DoD

The large-scale integration of distributed photovoltaic energy into traction substations can promote self-consistency and low-carbon energy consumption of rail transit systems. However, the power fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation (PV) restrict the efficient operation of rail transit systems. Thus, based on the rail transit system architecture with the “source-grid-storage” collaborative energy supply, a collaborative capacity planning method is proposed in this study for the photovoltaic power generation and hybrid energy storage system (PV-HESS) of rail transit self-consistent energy systems that consider the distributed photovoltaic power fluctuations and battery cycle life. First, based on the Peukert lifetime energy throughput theory, the process of battery life decay was quantitatively analyzed, and a quantitative calculation model for the service life of batteries was established. Next, the collaborative capacity planning and configuration model for PV-HESS was developed by considering the collaborative operation of the “source-grid-storage-vehicle”, with the economic efficiency of the rail transit self-consistent energy system as the goal and the safe operation constraint of the system as the boundary. A hybrid inner- and outer-layer optimization method was designed for the iterative solution of the proposed model. Finally, the effectiveness of the collaborative planning model for PV-HESS in rail transit systems was numerically verified.