Advances and Challenges in Brain Tumor Classification and Segmentation: A Comprehensive Review

The human brain, a complex and intricately organized organ, can face disruption when cell division becomes disordered, leading to the formation of abnormal colonies known as brain tumors. Early detection and accurate classification of brain tumors are crucial for timely medical intervention and effective treatment planning. However, challenges such as variations in tumor appearance and size complicate the detection process. This research review examines contemporary advancements and emerging issues in the segmentation and classification of brain tumors using Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. The study explores both single and multi-class classification algorithms, assessing their effectiveness in providing accurate results to aid surgeons in precise tumor resection. The objective of this research study is to offer a comprehensive approach to tumor analysis, ensuring not only accurate categorization but also a detailed understanding of their spatial distribution within the brain.