Online Path Description Learning based on IMU Signals from IoT Devices

A user's movement path can be precisely and concisely described as a concatenation of straight lines having the user's turns as their end points. Learning such a path description or representation from inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors enables various mobile and IoT applications, as it allows efficient processing of the movement path data. It is, however, non-trivial to learn a succinct yet accurate path description from IMU sensor readings in the mobile device of a moving user
on the fly
due to the dynamically changing behaviors and the technical difficulty in detecting the user's turns. We propose PATHLIT, a novel online path description learning system based on IMU signals. PATHLIT learns position vectors of a user from IMU sensor readings by our custom-made self-attention network model. Once each position vector is learned, PATHLIT also decides whether or not to take it as a part of the resulting path description by our efficient online algorithm developed under the minimum description length principle, which essentially detects the user's turns along the path. We conduct extensive experiments on two large datasets. The experiment results show that PATHLIT achieves superior performance over state-of-the-art algorithms by up to 50% in absolute trajectory error using only 15% of trajectory data points.