Design and Implementation of Microcontroller based Smart Battery Management System

Electric vehicles are gaining popularity in India as a significant new trend in the automobile industry. These vehicles play a crucial role in protecting our world from air pollution. Batteries are used by them to store the energy needed to run. To keep these batteries in top shape, an efficient battery management system (BMS) is required. This article describes a smart BMS that can be utilized in any device equipped with lithium-ion battery banks. The system includes a device for tracking, measuring, and diagnosing lithium-ion battery efficiency and conservation. Among the hardware and software components of the BMS architecture are sensors, the ESP8266 microcontroller, and a cloud system. Together with an ACS71230A current sensor module that can measure currents up to 30A, the ESP8266 functions as the BMS controller and CPU. Additionally, a DS18B20 module is employed to monitor temperature, while a voltage sensor measures battery voltage. To accommodate the voltage sensor’s rating, a buck converter is installed between the voltage sensor and the battery.