Multifactor Authentication Scheme Using Watermarking and Fingerprint Liveness Detection

Watermarking has evolved into a vital technique for enhancing security and authentication of image data. Its significance extends beyond these functions, as it plays a crucial role in ensuring robust security and verification during image communication, as well as in broadcasting and the general transmission of personal and sensitive information. This paper presents a new multi-factor authentication system that combines dual biometric factors, fingerprint and corresponding vein image. Leveraging advanced watermarking techniques, this system eliminates the need for a centralized database, enhancing privacy and security. Users are relieved from the burden of remembering passwords or PINs, relying instead on the robustness of fingerprint and vein image recognition. The synergy of these factors not only fortifies the system against unauthorized access but also introduces an additional layer of security through liveness detection using vein recognition. The proposed solution promises heightened security without compromising user convenience, making it an innovative and promising advancement in the field of biometric authentication.