Estimation of Bandwidth Requirement for Underwater Fiber Optic Networks

This paper affords an estimation of the bandwidth requirement for underwater fiber optic networks by thinking about transmission c together with signal attenuation, dispersion, and nonlinear effects (NLEs). The authors present an evaluation of the signal power level and the propagation of the signal in an underwater environment. From this evaluation, they obtain empirical expressions for the desired signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to achieve a given bit-errors charge (BER) for different sorts of fiber optics. The impact of NLEs at the sign excellent is also investigated by means of modeling these effects with polynomial expressions under high electricity excitation of the optical fiber. The authors suggest numerous methods for estimating the bit fee required for a given data rate and BER, inclusive of the p-endurance method, which is based totally on an assessment of the energy of the received optical sign. The results acquired from this observation suggest that NLEs can extensively affect the overall performance of optical communications, leading to extra design concerns and extended machine requirements for underwater fiber optic networks.