Blockchain Enabled Secure Agri-Goods Traceability using RFID in Supply Chain Management

Supply chain is the universal link network to deliver the product from one place to another. Capability to trace and track the Agri-goods products is very important throughout various stages of the supplychain including manufacturing, processing, distribution, importation, and retail. Ensuring the safety, quality, and validation of agricultural products is very crucial. In traditional supply chain management, which often involves untrusted entities and data is centrally monitored and stored with all the transactions being processed through a centralized organization. However, this centralized system is vulnerable to hacking by third parties, which can result in data security issues and the potential for a single point failure. And the primary challenges include monitoring, the origin of agri-goods, tracing the logistics, and low level of security, trust, and transparency between the stakeholders which leads to implicit delays downstream of Agri goods, and decisions taken among different departments. In this study, we propose a consortium blockchain solution for tracing and tracking of agri-goods products. Blockchain has a rapidly evolving disruptive Technology and immutable chain structure that is linked sequentially according to chronological order. Which is achieved through the creation of smart contract algorithms between different entities and fostering communication among stakeholders in the agri-goods supply chain. The traceability of the agri-goods products, including their origin, safety, quality, and validation, is implemented through the integration of RFID (Radio frequency identifications) tags and readers. Additionally, the solution incorporates a blockchain-enabled ultra-light weight mutual authentication RFID protocol for provide the security and resist the possible vulnerabilities.