Robust Resilience Enhancement by EV Charging Infrastructure Planning in Coupled Power Distribution and Transportation Systems

Due to the recent rapid developments in fast charging technology for electric vehicles (EVs), these flexible mobile storage resources can provide auxiliary services to the power grid in emergency circumstances. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a resilient enhancement planning scheme for this coupled network under severe contingencies. To this end, this paper investigates a novel robust resilient enhancement scheme for planning charging infrastructure in coupled networks. The objective is to minimize both (i) the investment and operation cost of the coupled network under uncertain traffic demands, and (ii) the EV participation cost for the grid support scheme during contingencies. The investment scheme for power distribution lines and charging stations is determined before the uncertainty realization in the first stage, while the objective function is minimized in the worst possible manner within a specified uncertainty set in the second stage. The nested column-and-constraint generation (NC&CG) algorithm is applied to solve this robust optimization problem. Numerical simulations of two coupled networks are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed robust resilience enhancement scheme