A Subdued Loss Hexagonal PCF for Broadband Optical Communication – Exhibiting Close to Zero Ultra-Flattened Dispersion

A FEM method is used to design hexagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber for aiming a low loss and low dispersion (nearly zero) for Broadband Optical Communication using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0. The proposed PCFs are structured with five hexagonal air hole rings with two ellipses and four ellipses in their center which causes higher birefringence. Silica is used as the background material. This model exhibits excellent guiding properties within the 1.3µm to 1.6µm wavelength range. The designed fibers have a near-zero dispersion of 0.571863195 ps/nm/km for the X polarization and 0.63096405 ps/nm/km for the Y polarization, respectively, encompassing the whole optical communication bands (O, E, S, C, L, and U). The PCF is a strong contender for broadband communication in this wavelength band since the confinement loss over 1.3 µm to 1.6 µm is in the 10^-10 range. The maximum confinement loss is observed as 1.17 × 10^-8 dB/km for X polarization, and 1.14 × 10^-8 dB/km for Y polarization with a maximum birefringence of 0.000851 at 1.55 μm. The main advantage of this design is its simplicity in structure which is easy to fabricate.