A Methodology to Support the Planning of Energy Distribution Reinforcements Based on a Space–Time Analysis of Electric Vehicle Charging

The electric vehicle (EV) market is growing, enhancing city environments with reduced noise and improved sustainability. However, this growth poses challenges for power distribution networks, initially designed for stationary loads. In this context, this article introduces an innovative method for subsidizing reinforcement planning in power distribution networks by analyzing EV charging over time and space. This novel methodology is exemplified in a São Paulo City central region case, utilizing an open-source power distribution simulator. Diverse market penetration scenarios, recharge demands, and patterns (residential, commercial, and power station recharges) are considered. The outcomes of this approach offer insights into future energy distribution network diagnoses, facilitating optimal reinforcement planning and grid modernization. It mitigates over-estimations and potential tariff increases affecting all consumers, not just EV owners, while proactively addressing potential future challenges.