PCF Based Sensor: Detecting Nicotine in Smoke to Identify Cigarette Smoke in the THz Regime

This paper introduces a novel gas sensor employing Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) to detect nicotine found in cigarette smoke in the THz Frequency range. The optimization of this PCF involves adjusting various parameters such as shifting the core diameter, altering the pitch and diameter of cladding air holes, and modifying the background materials. This optimization process likely aims to achieve desired characteristics or performance outcomes within the photonic crystal fiber structure. This particular model enhances its sensitivity in detecting nicotine by effectively reducing confinement loss. We conduct a comprehensive numerical analysis to showcase its impressive performance across a range of optical parameters including refractive index, confinement loss, power fraction, and effective mode area. To evaluate its functionality within the 0.4 to 1.4 THz frequency range, we utilize the Finite Element Method (FEM) for our investigations. At 1 THz, 94.56% sensitivity is attained, in addition to the fact that the confinement loss is 1.91 × 10
^⁻18
dB/cm.