Detecting Email Spam with NLP: A Machine Learning Approach

The rapid increase of digital communication has led to an exponential increase in email traffic, with a significant part being unwanted spam messages. This project aims to combat this issue by employing machine learning methods, explicitly Natural Language Processing (NLP), to develop an efficient email spam detection system. The core of our approach involves the transformation of email messages into numerical vectors using NLP techniques. This vectorization process captures the semantic meaning of the messages, enabling us to analyze and classify them effectively. To achieve this, we utilize advanced text preprocessing methods, including tokenization, stop word removal, and feature extraction. The classification phase of our project leverages the Naive Bayes classifier, a proven algorithm for text classification tasks. Through training the model with a varied and labeled data set of email messages, we enable it to distinguish between legitimate messages and spam with high accuracy. This approach is computationally efficient, making it suitable for real-time email filtering. This project results in a robust email spam detection system capable of automatically flagging and filtering out unwanted messages, thus improving the user experience and reducing the risk associated with malicious email content. Our evaluation of the system’s performance demonstrates its effectiveness in achieving a high detection accuracy rate while minimizing false positives, ensuring that legitimate emails are not erroneously categorized as spam. The project underscores the potential of NLP and machine learning in enhancing email security and offers a valuable tool for combating the ongoing issue of email spam.