Dilemma Zone: A Comprehensive Study of Influential Factors and Behavior Analysis

In this paper, we examine the problem of the Dilemma Zone (DZ) in depth, weaving together the various influences that span the environment, the ego-vehicle, and ultimately the characteristics of the driver. Driver behavior in dilemma zone situations is crucial, and more research is urgently needed in this area. The journey through various modeling approaches and data acquisition techniques sheds new light on driver behavior within the dilemma zone context. Our thorough examination of the current research landscape has revealed that several significant areas remain overlooked. As well as the dynamic impact of vehicles, vehicle interactions, and a strong tendency to over-rely on infrastructure information, there are also concerns about the lack of comprehensive evaluation tools. However, we do not see these gaps as stumbling blocks, but rather as steppingstones for future research opportunities. A more focused study of cooperative solutions is required considering the potential of personalized modeling, the untapped power of machine learning techniques, and the importance of personalized modeling. It is our hope that by embracing innovative approaches that can capture and simulate personalized behavioral data using “everything-in-the-loop” simulations, future research endeavors will be guided. To effectively mitigate the DZ problem, we also point out the research gaps and opportunities for further research in the DZ.