Research Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions in Vehicular Networks

nowadays, vehicular networks constitute the core of the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) with the main objective is to improve the road safety by taking advantage of the emerging communication technology and the lower cost of wireless devices. Indeed, thanks to sensors installed in vehicles or at the edge of roads and control centers. Vehicle communications will enable drivers to be warned early enough, in case of possible dangers. In addition, these networks are no longer content to improve road safety only, but they also will offer new services to road users making the road more pleasant. The major objective of this article is to provide a brief review of vehicular networks evolution, architecture, characteristics, standards, constraints, and challenges that face designers in the design of protocols dedicated to this type of networks. Also, this paper provides perspectives for future research and developments.