Spiking Neural Network for Ultralow-Latency and High-Accurate Object Detection

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have attracted significant attention for their energy-efficient and brain-inspired event-driven properties. Recent advancements, notably Spiking-YOLO, have enabled SNNs to undertake advanced object detection tasks. Nevertheless, these methods often suffer from increased latency and diminished detection accuracy, rendering them less suitable for latency-sensitive mobile platforms. Additionally, the conversion of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to SNNs frequently compromises the integrity of the ANNs’ structure, resulting in poor feature representation and heightened conversion errors. To address the issues of high latency and low detection accuracy, we introduce two solutions: timestep compression and spike-time-dependent integrated (STDI) coding. Timestep compression effectively reduces the number of timesteps required in the ANN-to-SNN conversion by condensing information. The STDI coding employs a time-varying threshold to augment information capacity. Furthermore, we have developed an SNN-based spatial pyramid pooling (SPP) structure, optimized to preserve the network’s structural efficacy during conversion. Utilizing these approaches, we present the ultralow latency and highly accurate object detection model, SUHD. SUHD exhibits exceptional performance on challenging datasets like PASCAL VOC and MS COCO, achieving a remarkable reduction of approximately 750 times in timesteps and a 30% enhancement in mean average precision (mAP) compared to Spiking-YOLO on MS COCO. To the best of our knowledge, SUHD is currently the deepest spike-based object detection model, achieving ultralow timesteps for lossless conversion.