A Mission-Aware Battery Charging Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

In recent years, researchers have explored various charging technologies to extend the battery life of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during flight missions. However, challenges arise with the reliance on weather-dependent renewable energy and congestion at battery swap and charging stations during peak hours. This poses difficulties for time-sensitive missions where conventional methods may not meet immediate demands. While wireless charging methods have been proposed, they can lead to queues and disruptions as the UAV population grows. An integrated solution is lacking, considering mission characteristics and cost considerations. This paper introduces adaptive charging options: regular missions utilize battery swap, wired charging, or wireless charging, while time-critical missions employ in-flight UAV-to-UAV wireless charging. Fixed-wing UAVs can leverage solar energy during clear weather. Simulations demonstrate reduced power grid load, fulfilling individual UAV charging needs, and cutting costs. An advantageous outcome is achieved for all stakeholders involved.