Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Architecture in Computer Science: A Systematic Review

Computer Science Architecture (CSA), encompassing data, application, technology, and business architecture, is a vital tool for addressing climate change challenges. It aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from sectors such as stationary energy, transportation, industry, product use, waste, and land use. CSA principles extend to advanced technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), Machine Learning (ML), data centers, blockchain, multi-agent systems, sensors, and smart grids. This review explores CSA’s role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions for a sustainable environment. It analyzes implications, indicators, and methodologies for data, application, technology, and business architecture, highlighting their direct impact on creating an environmentally friendly technological landscape. The study also delves into emerging trends and suggestions for future research, contributing to the discourse on leveraging technology for a greener future.