Review on State-of-Art in Insulin Pump Design and Development

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is collectively known as Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), gestational and genetically inherited diabetes. Insulin is a hormone produced by β-cells of the pancreas to regulate blood glucose levels. Insulin pumps are recommended when oral drugs are inefficient in producing sufficient insulin in DM patients. This work surveys the insulin pump from commercial and existing literature. State-of-the-art insulin pumps are thoroughly presented in this paper. Functionality, challenges, and technological advancements are presented. Integration with advanced technical features is discussed in the article. With cutting-edge innovations, the development of insulin pumps that enhance the pump functionality is thoroughly explained. Insulin pumps find applications for self-care, bedside insulin administration, physically challenged, and research and development of insulin drug delivery. This survey guides healthcare providers, researchers and professionals in developing an intelligent insulin pump.