Evaluation Methods of Carbon Emissions in Substations Based on Energy Consumption: A Review

In the process of low-carbon energy transformation, the potential to reduce carbon emissions in power system is enormous. As an important sector in the power system, substations take on important responsibilities in reducing carbon emissions, which has not yet received much attention. In this paper, the evaluation methods of carbon emissions in substations based on energy consumption are reviewed. This paper first evaluates the energy consumption in substation to further understand the energy consumption structure and lay the groundwork for carbon emission evaluation. When undertaking evaluation for carbon emissions based on the results of energy consumption, specialized methods is reviewed to reveal the size of carbon emissions and the carbon emission structure in substations. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for the future carbon emissions evaluation studies and a guidance for future low-carbon energy transformation in substations.