Energy–Aware Clustering Routing Protocol to Improve the Multi-hop WSN Lifetime

One of the most important technologies for communication layers in the Internet of Things (IoTs) is wireless sensor networks (WSNs) [1]. WSN includes a large number of low-power and low-cost sensors with small size and wireless communication capability. However, due to the sensors limited energy resources, the problem of energy consumption and consequently the lifetime of these networks is one of the major challenges of the WSNs. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an energy/workload -aware and distance-based clustering and cluster head (CH) selection method and then propose an energy-aware and distance-based multi-hop routing strategy. Our goal is to reduce energy consumption and increase the lifespan of sensors, and as a result, increase the stability of the network. The results of the simulation indicate that the proposed methods decrease the energy consumption of the data transmission and increases the lifetime of the sensors and increases the stability of the WSN.