Optimal BESS placement and sizing for frequency control in islanded microgrids using Non-linear Shepherd battery model

As photovoltaic (PV) systems continue to displace conventional generation in isolated power systems, the need for advanced frequency control becomes increasingly vital. This research focuses on addressing the challenge of frequency control by optimizing the placement and sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs). The improper sizing and placement of BESSs can significantly impact the performance and cost of the power system. Utilizing a range of contingency scenarios with Non-linear Shepherd battery model integrated with the standard bus system, and an iterative process driven by the Optimization Algorithm, this study seeks to determine the most suitable location and optimal size for BESSs. Furthermore, it undertakes a comparative analysis of the constrained optimization problem using the Grey Wolf Algorithm (GWA). Simulation results affirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, offering valuable insights into enhancing frequency control in PV-integrated isolated power systems. This research provides a critical framework for mitigating the challenges associated with the increasing prevalence of PV systems, emphasizing the importance of appropriate BESS sizing and placement for robust and cost-efficient power system operation. The findings underscore the potential of the Grey Wolf Algorithm for addressing frequency control in isolated power systems, opening avenues for future research and development in this critical domain.