Antenna Microstrip Patch Antenna Design of T Shape and Rectangular Shape for Improved Directivity

The aim of this study is to increase the directivity of compact microstrip antenna with T slot shape for the particular frequency range in X band application compared with rectangular patch antenna. This proposed work consists of two groups. Group 1 is the rectangular shape antenna (experimental group) and group 2 is the T slot antenna (Control group). This proposed antenna has been designed by High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software version 19. The structure of the antenna is very compact in size and it has dimensions of
$\boldsymbol{9}\mathbf{mm}\times \boldsymbol{12}\mathbf{mm}\times \boldsymbol{1.6}\mathbf{mm}$
. The shape of the antenna is small and easy to fabricate when compared with other antennas. It has a G power of 80% and significance value is less than p<0.05. The designed and proposed antenna resonance properly at operating frequency or microwave frequency of 10 GHz with high directivity. This antenna provides better directivity of 3.9dB compared with the rectangular antenna. The directivity of the rectangular antenna is 2.4dB The novel T slot microstrip patch antenna operated properly with improved directivity at 10 GHz. This microstrip antenna works properly in the required frequency range than the existing antenna. It provides high directivity in all directions compared to rectangular slot antennas. Based on simulation results, it is significantly better for the X band applications and easy to fabricate for integrated circuits.