The Role of Cyber-Physical-Social Systems in Smart Energy Future

Future energy systems (FESs) require greater interaction, integration, and cooperation between physical infrastructure, cyber technologies, and human participants from prosumers to communities and governments. Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSSs) will be the enabling technology to ensure the efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability, security and safety of energy generation and use integrating human and social factors into consideration. In this paper, we will first present an overview of the challenges in CPSSs. We will then outline potential contributions that CPSSs can make to FESs, as well as the opportunities that FESs present to CPSSs.