Design of Adaptive Control Scheme for Provision of Frequency Regulation Service from Electric Vehicle Fleet

The controllable nature of EV charging and their bidirectional capability makes them ideal resources for provision of frequency regulation services. However, as the energy in the EV batteries is limited, in order to provide frequency regulation service in grid with non-Gaussian frequency, the EVs may continuously discharge thereby significantly lowering their state-of-charge (SoC) levels. In this study, a novel methodology for provision of frequency regulation service from EVs in grids with non-Gaussian frequency profile is proposed. Frequency data measured using a phasor measurement unit has been used in the analysis. Real travel behaviour has been modelled to estimate the actual number of EVs available with the aggregator for participation in frequency regulation service, which is then used for estimation of the revenue earning opportunities for the aggregator and the individual EV users.